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MICROELECTRONICS
A
A
Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
Description
GM1117 of positive adjustable and fixed regulators is designed to provide 1.0A output with low dropout voltage performance. On-chip trimming adjusts the reference voltage to 1%. For usage on working in post regulators or microprocessor power supplies, low voltage operation and fast transient response are required. Pin-to-pin compatible with the LT1086 family of regulators, GM1117 is available in surface-mount SOT-223 and TO252 packages.
Features
Adjustable or Fixed Output Output Current of 1.0A Dropout Voltage (Typical) 1.15V @ 1.0A Line Regulation 0.2% max. Load Regulation 0.4% max. Fast Transient Response Current Limit Protection Thermal Shutdown Protection
Application
High Efficiency Linear Regulators Post Regulators for Switching Supplies Microprocessor Supply Hard Drive Controllers Battery Chargers Adjustable Power Supply
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS
(Adjustable Version)
(Fixed Version)
VIN> 4.75V
GM1117-Adj
3
VIN
ADJ
VOUT 2
R1 133W 1.0% R2 232W 1.0%
VOUT= 3.45V
VIN> 4.75V
3
VIN
GM1117-3.3 VOUT 2
GND
VOUT= 3.3V
+
1 C1 10F Tant
+
C2 10F Tant. Min
+
1 C1 10F Tant
+
C2 10F Tant. Min
VOUT= VREF X (1 +
R2 ) + IADJ X R2 R1
Notes: 1. C1 needed if device is far from filter capacitors 2. C2 minimum value required for stability
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GM1117 V0.1
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MICROELECTRONICS
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS (Top View)
TO-252 (DPAK) TO-220
TO-263-2 (D PAK)
2
SOT-223
GM1117 VVAYWW
GM1117
VVAYWW
GM1117
VVAYWW
GM1117
VVAYWW
VOUT ADJ/ GND*
VIN
VIN VOUT
ADJ/ GND* V V/VVV A Y WW = Output Voltage (50 = 5.0V, 285= 2.85V ,A =Adj ) = Assembly Location = Year = Weekly
VIN VOUT
ADJ/ GND*
VIN VOUT ADJ/GND*
On fixed versions Pin 1 = GND, on adjustable versions Pin 1 = ADJ Tab = VOUT
ORDERING INFORMATION
Ordering Number
GM1117-AST3T GM1117-AST3R GM1117-ATC3T GM1117-ATC3R GM1117-ATB3T GM1117-ATA3T GM1117-ATA3R GM1117-1.5ST3T GM1117-1.5ST3R GM1117-1.5TC3T GM1117-1.5TC3R GM1117-1.5TB3T GM1117-1.5TA3T GM1117-1.5TA3R GM1117-1.8ST3T GM1117-1.8ST3R GM1117-1.8TC3T
Output Voltage
Adj Adj Adj Adj Adj Adj Adj 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8
Package
SOT-223 SOT-223 TO-252 TO-252 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263 SOT-223 SOT-223 TO-252 TO-252 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263 SOT-223 SOT-223 TO-252 TO-252 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263
Shipping
80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel
GM1117
GM1117-1.8TC3R GM1117-1.8TB3T GM1117-1.8TA3T GM1117-1.8TA3R
* For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page.
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MICROELECTRONICS
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
ORDERING INFORMATION (Continued)
Ordering Number
GM1117-2.5ST3T GM1117- 2.5 ST3R GM1117-2.5TC3T GM1117-2.5TC3R GM1117-2.5TB3T GM1117-2.5TA3T GM1117-2.5TA3R GM1117-2.85ST3T GM1117- 2.85 ST3R GM1117-2.85TC3T GM1117-2.85TC3R GM1117-2.85TB3T GM1117-2.85TA3T GM1117-2.85TA3R GM1117-3.0ST3T GM1117- 3.0 ST3R GM1117-3.0TC3T GM1117-3.0TC3R GM1117-3.0TB3T GM1117-3.0TA3T GM1117-3.0TA3R GM1117- 3.3 ST3T GM1117- 3.3 ST3R GM1117-3.3TC3T GM1117-3.3TC3R GM1117-3.3TB3T GM1117-3.3TA3T GM1117-3.3TA3R GM1117-5.0ST3T GM1117- 5.0 ST3R GM1117-5.0TC3T GM1117-5.0TC3R GM1117-5.0TB3T GM1117-5.0TA3T GM1117-5.0TA3R
Output Voltage
2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.85 2.85 2.85 2.85 2.85 2.85 2.85 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Package
SOT-223 SOT-223 TO-252 TO-252 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263 SOT-223 SOT-223 TO-252 TO-252 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263 SOT-223 SOT-223 TO-252 TO-252 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263 SOT-223 SOT-223 TO-252 TO-252 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263 SOT-223 SOT-223 TO-252 TO-252 TO-220 TO-263 TO-263
Shipping
80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 80 Units / Tube 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Tube 50 Units / Tube 800 Units / Tape & Reel
* For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page.
GM1117
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PARAMETER
Power Dissipation
Input Voltage Lead Temperature(Soldering, 10sec)
SYMBOL
PD VIN TLEAD TJ TSTG
VALUE
Internally limited 7.0 300 0 to 125 0 to 150 -65 to + 150
UNIT
W V C C C
Operating Junction Temperature Range Control Section Power Transistor Storage Temperature Range
Thermal Characteristics SOT-223 Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case DPAK Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case 2 D PAK Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case
15 RqJC 6.0 3.0 C/ W
BLOCK DIAGRAM (Fixed Version)
VOUT
VIN
Thermal Shutdown Bandgap Reference +
Error Amplifier
Output Current Limit
GND
(Adjustable Version)
VOUT
GM1117
VIN
Thermal Shutdown Bandgap Reference +
Error Amplifier
Output Current Limit
ADJ
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typicals and limits appearing in normal type apply for TJ = 25C)
Parameter
Reference Voltage GM1117-Adj GM1117-1.8 GM1117-2.5 Output Voltage GM1117-3.3 GM1117-5.0 GM1117-Adj GM1117-1.8 Line Regulation GM1117-2.5 GM1117-3.3 GM1117-5.0 GM1117-Adj GM1117-1.8 Load Regulation GM1117-2.5 GM1117-3.3 GM1117-5.0 Dropout Voltage Current Limit Minimum Load Current GM1117-Adj GM1117-1.8 GM1117-2.5 Quiescent Current GM1117-3.3 GM1117-5.0 Adjust Pin Current Temp. Coefficient Thermal Regulation Ripple Rejection TC RA GM1117-Adj IADJ IQ VD ICL IO MIN REGLOAD REGLINE VO
Symbol
VREF
Condition
IOUT=10mA, VIN= 5V 10mA IOUT 1.0A, 2.65V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=3.3V 0 IOUT 1.0A, 3.3V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=4V 0 IOUT 1.0A, 4V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=4.8V 0 IOUT 1.0A, 4.8V VIN 7V IOUT=10mA, VIN=6.5V 0 IOUT 1.0A, 6.5V VIN 7V VIN VIN VIN VIN VIN 7V 7V 7V 7V 7V 1.0A IOUT=10mA, 2.75V IOUT=10mA, 3.3V IOUT=10mA, 4V IOUT=10mA, 4.8V IOUT=10mA, 6.5V
Min
1.238 1.225 1.782 1.764 2.475 2.450 3.267 3.234 4.950 4.900
Typ
1.250 1.250 1.800 1.800 2.500 2.500 3.300 3.300 5.000 5.000 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 1.15
Max
1.262 1.275 1.818 1.836 2.525 2.550 3.333 3.366 5.050 5.100 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 1.3
Unit
V V V V V
%
VIN-VOUT=1.5V, 10mA IO VIN=3.3V, 10mA IO VIN=4.0V, 10mA IO VIN=4.8V, 10mA IO VIN=6.5V, 10mA IO 1.0A 1.0A 1.0A 1.0A
%
IOUT=1.0A VIN-VOUT=3V VIN=5V
VIN=3.3V, 10mA IO VIN=4.0V, 10mA IO VIN=4.8V, 10mA IO VIN=6.5V, 10mA IO 1.0A 1.0A 1.0A 1.0A
V A
1.1
3.1 3 7 7 7 7 7 13 13
mA
mA 13 13 90 A %/C %/W dB
IOUT=10mA, 2.75V
VIN
7V
55 0.005 0.003 60 72
VIN-VOUT=1.5V, IOUT=10mA TA=25C, 30ms pulse VIN-VOUT=1.5V, IOUT=1.0A
GM1117
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
GM1117 VIN C1 VIN VOUT Adj VREF R1 C2 VOUT
APPLICATION INFORMATION
GM1117 linear regulators provide fixed and adjustable output voltages at currents up to 1.0A. These regulators are protected against overcurrent conditions and include thermal shutdown protection. The GM1117's have a composite PNP-NPN output transistor and require an output capacitor for stability. A detailed procedure for selecting this capacitor follows.
IAdj CAdj R2
Figure 1. Resistor Divider Scheme
Adjustable Operation
The GM1117 has an output voltage range of 1.25 V to 5.5 V. An external resistor divider sets the output voltage as shown in Figure 1. The regulator maintains a fixed 1.25V (typical) reference between the output pin and the adjust pin. A resistor divider network R1 and R2 causes a fixed current to flow to ground. This current creates a voltage across R2 that adds to the 1.25 V across R1 and sets the overall output voltage. The adjust pin current (typically 50 A) also flows through R2 and adds a small error that should be taken into account if precise adjustment of VOUT is necessary. The output voltage is set according to the formula: R1 + R2 VOUT = VREF X ( ) + IAdj X R2 R1 The term IAdj x R2 represents the error added by the adjust pin current. R1 is chosen so that the minimum load current is at least 2.0 mA. R1 and R2 should be the same type, e.g. metal film for best tracking over temperature. While not required, a bypass capacitor from the adjust pin to ground will improve ripple rejection and transient response. A 0.1 F tantalum capacitor is recommended for "first cut" design. Type and value may be varied to obtain optimum performance vs. price.
Stability Considerations
The output compensation capacitor helps to determine three main characteristics of a linear regulator's performance: start-up delay, load transient response, and loop stability. The capacitor value and type is based on cost, availability, size and temperature constraints. A tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor is preferred, as a film or ceramic capacitor with almost zero ESR can cause instability. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the least expensive type, but when the circuit operates at low temperatures, both the value and ESR of the capacitor will vary widely. For optimum performance over the full operating temperature range, a tantalum capacitor is best. A 22F tantalum capacitor will work fine in most applications, but with high current regulators such as the GM1117 higher capacitance values will improve the transient response and stability. Most applications for the GM1117's involve large changes in load current, so the output capacitor must supply instantaneous load current. The ESR of the output capacitor causes an immediate drop in output voltage given by:
DV = DI x ESR
In microprocessor applications an output capacitor network of several tantalum and ceramic capacitors in parallel is commonly used. This reduces overall ESR and minimizes the instantaneous output voltage drop under transient load conditions. The output capacitor network should be placed as close to the load as possible for the best results. Used with large output capacitance values and the input voltage is instantaneously shorted to ground, damage can occur. In this case, a diode connected as shown above in Figure 1.
GM1117
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
Protection Diodes
When large external capacitors are used with most linear regulator, it is wise to add protection diodes. If the input voltage of the regulator is shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. The discharge current depends on the value of capacitor, output voltage, and rate at which VIN drops.
Figure 2 Protection Diode Scheme for Large Output Capacitors
(a),(b)
Output Voltage Sensing
The GM1117 are three terminal regulators. For which, they cannot provide true remote load sensing. Load regulation is limited by the resistance of the conductors connecting the regulator to the load. For best results the GM1117 should be connected are as shown in Figure 3.
VIN VIN VOUT RC Conductor Parasitic Resistance RLOAD
GM1117-3.3 GND (a) Fixed Version
(a) Fixed Version
IN4002 VIN VIN VOUT VOUT VIN C2 VIN ADJ VOUT RC R1 R2 (b) Adjustable Version (b) Adjustable Version
Figure 3 (a),(b) Conductor Parasitic Resistance Effects are Minimized by this Grounding Scheme For Fixed and Adjustable Output Regulators
GM1117-3.3
C1 GND
Conductor Parasitic Resistance RLOAD
GM1117-Adj
IN4002 VIN VIN VOUT VOUT GM1117-Adj C1 ADJ R1 CADJ C2
Calculating Power Dissipation and Heat Sink Requirements
R2
The GM1117 precision linear regulators include thermal shutdown and current limit circuitry to protect the deIn the GM1117 linear regulators, the discharge path is through a large junction, and protection diodes are normally not needed. However, damage can occur if the regulator is used with large output capacitance values and the input voltage is instantaneously shorted to ground. In this case, a diode connected as shown above in Figure 2. vices. However, high power regulators normally operate at high junction temperatures. It is important to calculate the power dissipation and junction temperatures accurately to be sure that you use and adequate heat sink. The case is connected to VOUT on the GM1117, and electrical isolation may be required for some applications. Thermal compound should always be used with high current regulators like the GM1117.
GM1117
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
The thermal characteristics of an IC depend four factors: 1. Maximum Ambient Temperature TA (C) 2. Power Dissipation PD (Watts) 3. Maximum Junction Temperature TJ (C) 4. Thermal Resistance Junction to ambient RQJA (C/W) The relationship of these four factors is expressed by equation (1):
TJ = TA + PD X RQJA ........(1)
Maximum ambient temperature and power dissipation are determined by the design while the maximum junction temperature and thermal resistance depend on the manufacturer and the package type. The maximum power dissipation for a regulator is expressed by equation (2): PD(max) = { VIN(max)- VOUT(min) } IOUT(max) + VIN(max)IQ ........(2) where: VIN(max) is the maximum input voltage, VOUT(min) is the minimum output voltage, IOUT(max) is the maximum output current IQ is the maximum quiescent current at IOUT(max). A heat sink effectively increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away from the IC into the air. Each material in the heat flow path between the IC and the environment has a thermal resistance. Like series electrical resistances, these resistance are summed to determine RQJA the total thermal resistance between the junction and the air. This is expressed by equation (3): RQJA = RQJC + RQ CS+ R QSA ........(3) Where all of the following are in C/W: RQJC is thermal resistance of junction to case, RQCS is thermal resistance of case to heat sink, RQSA is thermal resistance of heat sink to ambient air
,
GM1117
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The value for RQJA is calculated using equation (3) and the result can be substituted in equation (1). The value for RQJC is 3.5C/W for a given package type based on an average die size. For a high current regulator such as the GM1117 the majority of the heat is generated in the power transistor section.
MICROELECTRONICS
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
Typical Performance Characteristics
1.00
0.10
TCASE = 0C
Output Voltage Deviation (%)
0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 -0.02 -0.04 -0.06 -0.08 -0.10
0.95
TCASE = 25C
VDROPOUT
0.90
0.85
0.80
TCASE = 125C
0.75 0
200
400
600
800
1000
-0.12 0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 TJ (C)
IOUT(mA)
Figure 3. Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
Figure 4. Reference Voltage vs. Temperature
70 65 Adjust Pin Current(A) 60 55 50 45 40 0 10
85
IO = 10mA
Ripple Rejection(dB)
75 65 55 45 35
TCASE = 25C IOUT = 1.0A (VIN - VOUT) = 3.0V 25 VRIPPLE = 1.0VP-P Cadj =0.1F
15
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Temperature (C)
101
102
103
104
105
106
Frequency(Hz)
Figure 5. Adjust Pin Current vs. Temperature
Figure 6. Ripple Rejection vs. Frequency
300
Load Step(mA) Voltage Deviation(mV)
3.5 3.3 3.1
200 100 0 -100 -200 1000 500 0 0 1 2 3 4 5
Time(S) ISC (A)
2.9 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.7 6 7 8 9 10 1.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
VOUT = 3.3V COUT = CIN = 22F Tantalum CAdj =0.1F
VIN - VOUT(V)
Figure 7. Transient Response
Figure 8. Short Circuit Current vs. VIN-VOUT
GM1117
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
TO-252-3 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
6.50 0.05 5.340 0.05 29 0.5 REF 0.6 7 1.0 0.05 6.10 0.05 7.20 0.05 7 0.070 0.05 9.900 7 0.75 0.10 2.70 0.10 R 0.25 0.13 0.81 0.038
0.101 2.58 0.228 5.80 0.243 6.172 0.244 6.20 0.118 3.0
2.30 0.05 0.508 0.0127
Pad Layout
0.75 0.10 0.89 0.05
1.525 0.10
0.063 1.6
(
Inches ) mm
R0.15 max 2
Unit: mm
SOT- 223 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
1.80max 0.3 0.05 3.0 0.05 1.75 0.10 0.60 0.65 0.10
3.5 0.10 7.0 0.15
0.06 0.04
Pad Layout
0.15 3.8
0.079 2.0
1.75 0.10 2.30TYP 0.95TYP 4.6 0.1
0~0.075
0~10
0.091 2.3 0.079 2.0
0.091 2.3
0.248 6.3
0.70 0.05
GM1117
13 0.84 1.6 0.10 0.46 13 6.50 0.10
0.059 1.5 0.059 1.5 0.059 1.5 Inches mm
Unit: mm
10
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
TO-220 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.90 0.20 3.60 0.20 1.30 0.10 1.70 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 0.20 3.70 0.20 15.90 0.20 4.60 18.95 MAX 3 0.9 7.0 8.70 2.80 0.10 4.50 0.20 8.0 1.30 -0.05
+0.1
7.0
8.40 1.46 1.00 45 3.00
3
3
13.08 0.20
10.08 0.30
1.27 0.10
3-R0.2
2.54 TYP (2.54 0.20)
0.80 0.10 1.52 0.10
0.50 -0.05
+0.1
2.40 0.20
3
3
2 - R 0.3
Unit: mm
10.00 0.20
TO-263-2 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
9.90 0.20 0.40 15 1.20 3 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 0.20
4.50 0.20 1.30 -0.05
+0.1
Pad Layout
0.63 17.02 0.33 8.38
15.3 0.20 3 1.4 0.20 4.90 0.20 0.90 0.10 1.27 0.10 2.54 TYP (2.54 0.20) 0.75 R0.30 2.00 0.10 3
0.10 0.01 R0.30 2.40 0.20 2.54 0.10 0.50 -0.05 10.0 0.20 7.0 4.0 0.40
+0.1
0.12 3.05
0.42 10.66
0.24 6.096
0.04 1.016
3 R 0.3
3
0.90 R 0.45 7.2 9.20 0.20
(
10.00 0.20
4.90 0.20
Unit: mm
GM1117
11
Inches ) mm
MICROELECTRONICS
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
ORDERING NUMBER
GM 1117 A ST3 R
Gamma Micro. Shipping R: Tape & Reel T: Tube
Circuit Type
Output Voltage A: Adj, 1.5: 1.5V 1.8: 1.8V, 2.5: 2.5V 2.85: 2.85V, 3.0: 3.0V 3.3: 3.3V, 5.0: 5.0V
Package TC3: TO-252 TB3: TO-220 TA3: TO-263-2 ST3: SOT-223
GM1117
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Power Management GM1117
1.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION LINEAR REGULATORS
GM1117
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